{"id":4938,"date":"2021-04-25T22:58:48","date_gmt":"2021-04-25T15:58:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=4938"},"modified":"2021-04-27T07:11:32","modified_gmt":"2021-04-27T00:11:32","slug":"micrsoft-sql-server-chung-thuc-va-phan-quyen-nguoi-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=4938","title":{"rendered":"Micrsoft SQL Server ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (SQL Server Authentication v\u00e0 Authorization)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SQL Server th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c user login \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c\u00a0 truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a user. Trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp g\u1ed3m server roles v\u00e0 database mapping.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (Authentication):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>User truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SQL Server \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf <strong>Security<\/strong> &gt; <strong>Logins<\/strong> c\u1ee7a SQL, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t user c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o SQL server hay kh\u00f4ng.\u00a0 \u00a0N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t user mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o SQL server ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n login trong m\u1ee5c Logins c\u1ee7a SQL Server. User n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c database c\u00f3 tr\u00ean tr\u00ean SQL Server. L\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n login v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp database l\u00e0\u00a0 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c nha.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c, SQL server cung c\u1ea5p hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Windows Authencation v\u00e0 SQL Server Authentication:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Windows Authentication<\/strong>: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng user login Windows tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t SQL Server. Windows User bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=81\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local user<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=3868\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">domain user<\/a> n\u1ebfu may t\u00ednh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t SQL server c\u00f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=88\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">join domain<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SQL Server Authentication<\/strong>: L\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh SQL Server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4943 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"492\" height=\"391\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-1.png 559w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-1-300x238.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>(1): T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c Windows (local user)<\/li>\n<li>(2): T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Windows (domain user)<\/li>\n<li>(3): T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a SQL Server<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t SQL Server s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c Windows Authentication. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o <strong>Mixed Mode (SQL Server authentication and Windows authentication),<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 xem chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn xem b\u00e0i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=2183\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Microsoft SQL Server stand-alone<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp (<span class=\"fontstyle0\">Authorization<\/span>):\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Server Rolse<\/strong>: Khi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n login khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp theo c\u00e1c Server Role ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch login v\u00e0o server c\u1ee7a user:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sysadmin<\/li>\n<li>serveradmin<\/li>\n<li>securityadmin<\/li>\n<li>processadmin<\/li>\n<li>setupadmin<\/li>\n<li>bulkadmin<\/li>\n<li>diskadmin<\/li>\n<li>dbcreator<\/li>\n<li>public<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4945 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"340\" height=\"336\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-2.png 340w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-2-300x296.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00e1c server roles:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4946 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"758\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-7.png 883w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-7-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-7-768x485.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/>Khi t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n login m\u1edbi, m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o server role public. B\u1ea1n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 server role sysadmin l\u00e0 server role c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n cao nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m lu\u00f4n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c server roles kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 login v\u00e0o SQL server, ngo\u00e0i quy\u1ec1n user ph\u1ea3i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (Status) nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4949 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-5.png 696w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-5-300x283.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>SQL Server Mapping (Database permission)<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c database trong SQL Server, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Mapping v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c database \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp. C\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp database nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>db_owner<\/li>\n<li>db_securityadmin<\/li>\n<li>db_accessadmin<\/li>\n<li>db_backupoperator<\/li>\n<li>db_ddladmin<\/li>\n<li>db_datawriter<\/li>\n<li>db_datareader<\/li>\n<li>db_denydatawriter<\/li>\n<li>db_denydatareader<\/li>\n<li>public<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4953 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-3-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"691\" height=\"621\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-3-1.png 691w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-3-1-300x270.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 691px) 100vw, 691px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00e1c permission tr\u00ean database:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4954 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-8.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"671\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-8.png 840w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-8-300x256.png 300w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/SQL-Authentication-8-768x655.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 671px) 100vw, 671px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 server roles, database permission c\u0169ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh add th\u00eam quy\u1ec1n public v\u00e0o khi user \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mapping database. Quy\u1ec1n db_owner l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n cao nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c roles kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o SQL server c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. trong b\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SQL Server th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c user login \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c\u00a0 truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a user. Trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp g\u1ed3m server roles v\u00e0 database mapping. Ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (Authentication): User truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SQL Server \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u1edf Security &gt; Logins c\u1ee7a SQL, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t user c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o SQL server hay kh\u00f4ng.\u00a0 \u00a0N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,7],"tags":[35,50,72],"class_list":["post-4938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-database","category-kien-thuc","tag-domain-controller","tag-microsoft-sql-server","tag-windows"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Micrsoft SQL Server ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (SQL Server Authentication v\u00e0 Authorization) - EngISV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SQL Server th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c user login \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c (Authentication)\u00a0truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a user. 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