{"id":3340,"date":"2018-08-22T17:26:29","date_gmt":"2018-08-22T10:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=3340"},"modified":"2020-01-12T18:59:25","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T11:59:25","slug":"ket-noi-vpn-virtual-private-network","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=3340","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPN &#8211; Virtual Private Network"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>VPN vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft\u00a0 c\u1ee7a Virtual Private Network, m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb xa\u00a0 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (LAN) c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh&#8230; ho\u1eb7c cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai hay nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng duy nh\u1ea5t qua m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng internet.\u00a0So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u00eanh ri\u00eang th\u00ec VPN c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p>Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPN, m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, cho ph\u00e9p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n\u00a0 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u00f9y theo giao th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0 d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VPN c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i theo nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Site-To-Site<\/strong>: D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng LAN c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nhau, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chi nh\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u1edbi nhau, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c server c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng LAN n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c client ho\u1eb7c server c\u1ee7a LAN kia v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Client-To-Site<\/strong>: D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t client b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o \u1edf ngo\u00e0i internet c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng LAN, cho ph\u00e9p\u00a0 client c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean trong m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Client k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPN v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c VPN:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3810 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/01.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"649\" height=\"379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/01.png 718w, https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/01-300x175.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunnelling Protocol):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Microsoft v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990. N\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PPTP l\u00e0 n\u00f3 nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. PPTP r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 \u0111i k\u00e8m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li>Tuy nhi\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 k\u00e9m an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 an ninh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an ninh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. Do c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, n\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u00e1ch xa nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>L2TP\/IPSec (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol\/Internet Protocol Security) :<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho PPTP v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. L2TP kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ri\u00eang n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IPSec cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbch n\u00e0y. L2TP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1ng s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 PPTP.<\/li>\n<li>L2TP kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.\u00a0L2TP\/IPSec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>OpenVPN:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPN tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. OpenVPN l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 VNP t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 SSLv3 v\u00e0 OpenSSL. Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n OpenSSL t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e3 h\u00f3a cho nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m AES, Camellia v\u00e0 Blowfish. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 TCP v\u00e0 UDP.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cao, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. Nh\u01b0ng OpenVPN c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u00ean th\u1ee9 3 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c UDP m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a OpenVPN t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n L2TP nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng so v\u1edbi PPTP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>IKEv2\u00a0(Internet key exchange version 2):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Microsoft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c l\u00e0 Cisco. L\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n IPsec. V\u1ec1 an ninh, IKEv2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 L2TP\/IPSec. C\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<li>IKEv2 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi Windows v\u00e0 Blackberry. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean Linux ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c VPN kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSTP (Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol)<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Microsoft v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y Windows. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 SSTP s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Apple v\u00e0 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra.\u00a0 SSTP kh\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng OpenVPN b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSLv3.<\/li>\n<li>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a SSTP l\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Windows, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>SoftEther:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p VPN t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103m 2013 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n cao. V\u00ec l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, n\u00ean kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 an ninh.\u00a0SoftEther h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c SSL-VPN, IPSec, EtherIP, OpenVPN v\u00e0 L2TP. C\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n OpenVPN<\/li>\n<li>Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi OpenVPN, SoftEther c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 OpenVPN kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0:\u00a0Dynamic DNS Function, Packet Filtering, GUI Management, RPC over HTTPS Management, Virtual DHCP &amp; NAT Function and Delay, Jitter and Packet Loss Generator. Tuy nhi\u00ean,\u00a0SoftEther ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c VPN kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VPN vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft\u00a0 c\u1ee7a Virtual Private Network, m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb xa\u00a0 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (LAN) c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh&#8230; ho\u1eb7c cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai hay nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng duy nh\u1ea5t qua m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng internet.\u00a0So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u00eanh ri\u00eang th\u00ec VPN c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3807,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,7],"tags":[67],"class_list":["post-3340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cac-khai-niem","category-kien-thuc","tag-vpn"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPN - Virtual Private Network - EngISV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"VPN vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft\u00a0 c\u1ee7a Virtual Private Network, m\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang \u1ea3o, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb xa\u00a0 v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i 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