{"id":3328,"date":"2018-04-05T12:09:58","date_gmt":"2018-04-05T05:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=3328"},"modified":"2018-04-05T12:09:58","modified_gmt":"2018-04-05T05:09:58","slug":"kien-thuc-co-ban-ve-vlan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=3328","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 VLAN &#8211; Virtual Local Area Network"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>VLAN hay\u00a0<strong>Virtual LAN<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a <strong>Virtual Local Area Network<\/strong>, m\u1ea1ng LAN \u1ea3o, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia tr\u00ean Switch c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng chia VLAN. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng VLAN l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Switch nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Switch l\u1edbn. Tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chia VLAN, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c\u00a0 c\u1ed5ng (port) chung m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 g\u00e1n n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t VLAN t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho VLAN 1.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3333 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/VLAN-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"215\" \/><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 PC, Laptop&#8230; v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 Switch hay Hub. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u00e3o Broadcast n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec5m virus. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft nh\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c VLAN kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 VLAN cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c VLAN c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ID tr\u00ean c\u00e1c Switch v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t VLAN ID c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t switch v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c switch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng Trunk v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Trunking.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3332 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/VLAN-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"257\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n VLAN c\u00f3 2 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chia nh\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c\u00a0 m\u1ea1ng LAN tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u Switch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>VLAN ID :<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c port tr\u00ean switch s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 VLAN 1, Khi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u chia VLAN ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c port m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n v\u00e0o VLAN ID t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Khi c\u00e1c Frame c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t VLAN \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Trunking, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn g th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tag VLAN \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0m\u1ed9t Frame l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a VLAN ID n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3391 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Vlan-ID.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"587\" height=\"400\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>VLAN names:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>VLAN names<\/strong>: L\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb do ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cho VLAN ID m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Trunk Port:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c switch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin VLAN gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c Switch.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng Trunk tr\u00ean switch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y trong c\u00e1c VLAN c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n\u00a0 th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>VLAN Trunking:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>IEEE 802.1Q:<\/strong> G\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n dot 1q, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cisco Inter-Switch Link (ISL)<\/strong>: L\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n Trunking ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Cisco, ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Cisco. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 switch n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Cisco c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean switch 2960 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 dot 1q.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>VLAN Access port:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o VLAN, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Access Switch \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng VLAN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c chia VLAN tr\u00ean switch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia VLAN tr\u00ean Access point WiFi, c\u00e1c switch \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea3o h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 VMware Esxi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VLAN hay\u00a0Virtual LAN l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Virtual Local Area Network, m\u1ea1ng LAN \u1ea3o, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia tr\u00ean Switch c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng chia VLAN. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng VLAN l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Switch nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Switch l\u1edbn. Tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chia VLAN, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c\u00a0 c\u1ed5ng (port) chung m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 g\u00e1n n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t VLAN t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho VLAN 1. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00e0&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3332,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,7],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-3328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cac-khai-niem","category-kien-thuc","tag-vlan"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 VLAN - Virtual Local Area Network - EngISV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"VLAN hay\u00a0Virtual LAN l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Virtual Local Area Network, m\u1ea1ng LAN \u1ea3o, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia tr\u00ean Switch c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng chia VLAN. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng VLAN l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Switch nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Switch l\u1edbn.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=3328\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 VLAN - Virtual Local Area Network - EngISV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"VLAN hay\u00a0Virtual LAN l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Virtual Local Area Network, m\u1ea1ng LAN \u1ea3o, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia tr\u00ean Switch c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng chia VLAN. 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