{"id":289,"date":"2015-03-31T21:23:35","date_gmt":"2015-03-31T14:23:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.engisv.info\/?p=289"},"modified":"2015-03-31T21:23:35","modified_gmt":"2015-03-31T14:23:35","slug":"mang-wifi-phan-1-bao-mat-co-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=289","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ea1ng Wifi – Ph\u1ea7n 1: B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ea1ng Wifi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng ty\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y d\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u00f2, ph\u00e1 key (password Wifi) v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed3ng Wifi, trong khi m\u1ea1ng Wifi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng lan truy\u1ec1n trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1eaft s\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c Access Point Wifi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Access point. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng v\u1eady, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n internet c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng m\u1eddi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n mail, t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng\u2026 \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng an ninh ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau.<\/p>\n

\u1ea8n SSID (service set identifier)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

SSID l\u00e0 t\u00ean nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Wifi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn t\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed3i. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00f4ng khai SSID s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh nh\u00ecn t\u00f2 m\u00f2, s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u nguy c\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00ec v\u1eady ta n\u00ean \u1ea9n \u0111i.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (Security Mode) v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Encryption protocol):<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn giao th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access II), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt key (password Wifi). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc WAP2 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c WPA v\u00e0 WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), WPA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho WEP \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7t key cho Wifi, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb 8 k\u00fd t\u1ef1, key g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ch\u1eef in (A, B, C\u2026), ch\u1eef, th\u01b0\u1eddng (a,b,c\u2026), c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 s\u1ed1 (1,2,3\u2026.), k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (!,~,@…), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u1ec3 Key tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u AES, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng Wifi, ki\u1ec3u m\u00e3 h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi giao th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt WAP2. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc AES th\u00ec c\u00f3 TKIP theo giao th\u1ee9c WPA.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 WAP2 v\u00e0 AES. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u00a0b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt Mixed WPA\/WPA2 ho\u1eb7c Mixed WEP, v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn TKIP&AES \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u0169.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

L\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (MAC Address Filter), ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 trong danh s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o Access Point. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC tr\u00ean c\u00e1c card m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y (hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng card Wifi) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u1eefa, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t IP \u0111\u1ed9ng (DHCP) t\u0129nh theo \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC. Khi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p trong danh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1edbi Wifi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng LAN (m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 day) c\u1ee7a Access Point.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho Wifi c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u00ea ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Wifi th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed9t d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t d\u00f9ng cho kh\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u00ean trong quan tr\u1ecdng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ea1ng Wifi, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Captive Portal<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ea1ng Wifi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng ty\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y d\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u00f2, ph\u00e1 key (password Wifi) v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed3ng Wifi, trong khi m\u1ea1ng Wifi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng lan truy\u1ec1n trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1eaft s\u00f3ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c Access Point Wifi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, vi\u1ec7c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":290,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,14],"tags":[71],"class_list":["post-289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ky-nang","category-thu-thuat","tag-wifi"],"yoast_head":"\nM\u1ea1ng Wifi - Ph\u1ea7n 1: B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n - EngISV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=289\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u1ea1ng Wifi - Ph\u1ea7n 1: B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n - EngISV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"M\u1ea1ng Wifi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng ty\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. 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