{"id":220,"date":"2014-10-23T19:40:25","date_gmt":"2014-10-23T12:40:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.engisv.info\/?p=220"},"modified":"2025-11-16T14:23:32","modified_gmt":"2025-11-16T07:23:32","slug":"doi-so-thap-phan-ra-so-nhi-phan-thap-luc-phan-bat-phan-va-nguoc-lai-phan-1-phan-nguyen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=220","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i – Ph\u1ea7n 1: ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi hai ch\u1eef s\u1ed1\u00a00 ho\u1eb7c 1 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb tr\u00ean RAM. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u01a1n c\u1eed c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u00e1c bit \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 (khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00fang ra), c\u00f2n c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a card m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 IPv6.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ta th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 9. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng hai s\u1ed1 0 v\u00e0 1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 ngo\u00e0i m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 9 nh\u01b0 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn F. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 b\u00e1t ph\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n sang Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i sang nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n chia v\u1edbi 2 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chia v\u1edbi 2, v\u00e0 l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i ph\u00e9p chia n\u00e0y\u00a0cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ta nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 0 (t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, theo m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u xanh). \u1ede ph\u00e9p chia n\u00e0y, ta l\u1ea5y d\u01b0 l\u00e0 0 v\u00e0 1. Sau khi chia \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng 0, ta s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 ghi l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean (theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf) ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 g\u1ed3m 0 v\u00e0 1, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm (c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 0 v\u00e0 1, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ra ph\u1ea7n l\u1ebb, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 2,5).<\/p>\n

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Trong ph\u00e9p chia tr\u00ean, ta mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 11, ta l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 11 chia cho 2 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 chia li\u00ean t\u1ee5c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi 2 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng 0. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ta l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 11 l\u00e0 1011.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ra th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, ta l\u1ea5y d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u00e2n l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed cu\u1ed1i (theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf) v\u1edbi 20<\/sup> cho \u0111\u1ebfn 2n-1<\/sup> \u00a0(v\u1edbi n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y s\u1ed1), sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n, ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed5i 1011, v\u1eady ta nh\u00e2n l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong chu\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 20<\/sup> \u0111\u1ebfn 23<\/sup> (v\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u00e3y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n = 4 s\u1ed1 v\u1eady n-1 =3). Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n, ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n 1011 l\u00e0 11.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5i Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra h\u1ec7 Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i chia cho 16. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e9p chia t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u xanh v\u00e0 \u00a0ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean, theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ea5y d\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 15. Do h\u1ec7 Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 l\u00e0 A, B, C, D, E, F n\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u01a1c khi ghi l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn F.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ta c\u00f3 11=B, 12=C, v\u1eady k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a 700 th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 2BC (chia theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean xanh v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecf, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ea5y d\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 15).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n sang Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ra Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn F ra th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (theo b\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ean tr\u00ean), sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 160<\/sup> \u0111\u1ebfn 16n-1<\/sup> (theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecf), sau khi nh\u00e2n xong, ta l\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y 2BC =700.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra h\u1ec7 B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia con s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi 8 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chia v\u1edbi 8 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng 0, sau \u0111\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e3y B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n. S\u1ed1 d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p chia kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 7.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ta th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n 142 l\u00e0 216.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n ra th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, ch\u00fang ta nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi 80<\/sup> \u0111\u1ebfn 8n-1<\/sup> theo chi\u1ec1u m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

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Sau khi \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e3y B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n 216 ra Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n 142.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 cho nhanh trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Calculator trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows, ta ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Programmer.<\/p>\n

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Ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o s\u00f4 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

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Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 online, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 sau:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.mathsisfun.com\/binary-decimal-hexadecimal-converter.html<\/a><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n sang hai h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. \u1ede b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean, trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea7n l\u1ebb sau d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi hai ch\u1eef s\u1ed1\u00a00 ho\u1eb7c 1 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb tr\u00ean RAM. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u01a1n c\u1eed c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec3n c\u00e1c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,7],"tags":[32],"class_list":["post-220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cac-khai-niem","category-kien-thuc","tag-chuyen-doi-co-so"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0110\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i - Ph\u1ea7n 1: ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean - EngISV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0110\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ra nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n. \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 2 ra h\u1ec7 8 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 16,c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i Calculator c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 online, Convert Decimal numbers to Binary numbers, Hexadecimal, Octal numbers and convert back\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=220\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0110\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 Th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n ra s\u1ed1 Nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n, B\u00e1t ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i - 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