{"id":179,"date":"2014-04-09T18:45:06","date_gmt":"2014-04-09T11:45:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.engisv.info\/?p=179"},"modified":"2014-04-09T18:45:06","modified_gmt":"2014-04-09T11:45:06","slug":"thong-tap-tin-tren-cac-phan-vung-o-cung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=179","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong khi ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

File system hay h\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0323p tin co\u0301 ch\u01b0\u0301c n\u0103ng t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c va\u0300 ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t ca\u0301c t\u00e2\u0323p tin va\u0300 si\u00eau d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0\u0301ng, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean \u00f4\u0309 \u0111i\u0303a nh\u0103\u0300m cho phe\u0301p truy c\u00e2\u0323p nhanh cho\u0301ng va\u0300 an toa\u0300n.<\/p>\n

H\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0323p tin s\u0103\u0301p x\u00ea\u0301p d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean \u0111i\u0303a c\u01b0\u0301ng cu\u0309a ma\u0301y ti\u0301nh, ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng xuy\u00ean vi\u0323 tri\u0301 v\u00e2\u0323t ly\u0301 cu\u0309a mo\u0323i tha\u0300nh ph\u00e2\u0300n d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u tr\u00ean \u0111i\u0303a trong khi v\u00e2\u0303n cho phe\u0301p ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i du\u0300ng truy c\u00e2\u0323p nhanh cho\u0301ng va\u0300 an toa\u0300n khi c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t.<\/p>\n

H\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0323p tin la\u0300m vi\u00ea\u0323c nh\u01b0 m\u00f4\u0323t h\u00ea\u0323 chi\u0309 mu\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301, cho phe\u0301p ma\u0301y ti\u0301nh nhanh cho\u0301ng ti\u0300m th\u00e2\u0301y m\u00f4\u0323t t\u00e2\u0323p tin na\u0300o \u0111o\u0301, b\u00e2\u0301t ch\u00e2\u0301p ki\u0301ch th\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c hay c\u00e2\u0301u hi\u0300nh cu\u0309a \u00f4\u0309 \u0111i\u0303a l\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u0303 cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 vi\u0323 tri\u0301 l\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u0303 cu\u0309a ca\u0301c byte d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u n\u0103\u0300m \u01a1\u0309 \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111i\u0303a.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows, Linux, MAC OS X c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin c\u1ee7a Windows<\/em><\/p>\n

FAT: File Allocation Table <\/em>bao g\u1ed3m FAT 12, FAT 16 v\u00e0 FAT 32:<\/p>\n

FAT 12: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho \u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a m\u1ec1m, \u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 32MB tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng. FAT12 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 12 bit \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 32Mb v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cluster th\u1ea5p. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp tin t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a l\u00e0 4096, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin l\u00e0 2MB.<\/p>\n

FAT 16: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin FAT (FAT16 \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi FAT32) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1981 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9a c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ec9a m\u1ec1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9a c\u1ee9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nhanh, FAT16 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. V\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 16 bit, FAT16 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn 65.536 cluster tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t partition, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1ebfn 50% dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a c\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean 2 GB). S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp tin t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a l\u00e0 65.536, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a 1 t\u1eadp tin l\u00e0 2 GB.<\/p>\n

FAT 32: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a FAT16. Do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 32 bit n\u00ean FAT32 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u cluster tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t partition h\u01a1n, do v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ec9a c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng t\u1eeb 2GB l\u00ean 2TB v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a t\u00ean t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn 255 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho FAT16 nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a FAT32 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7i (Fault Tolerance) kh\u00f4ng cao. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp tin t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a l\u00e0 268.435.437, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a 1 t\u1eadp tin l\u00e0 4 GB.<\/p>\n

NTFS: New Technology File System<\/em> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Windows NT, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Windows nh\u01b0 Windows 2000 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y. NTFS thay th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin FAT v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin \u01b0a th\u00edch cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows c\u1ee7a Microsoft. NTFS c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n FAT nh\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c si\u00eau d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng gian \u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (access control list-ACL) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ghi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp tin t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong 1 ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng 4.294.967.295 (2^32 \u2212 1), h\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a l\u00e0 16 EiB (Exbibyte, 1 EiB = 1.073.741.824 gigabytes) tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 256 TiB (tebibyte, 1 TiB = 1,024 gibibytes)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

exFAT: Extended File Allocation Table<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c \u1ed5 flash USB. H\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c Windows Vista tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 Windows XP ph\u1ea3i c\u00e0i g\u00f3i KB955704 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean Linux: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Ext (Extended file system) c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 4 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ext, ext2, ext3 v\u00e0 ext4.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean MAC OS X: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 HFS Plus, HFS l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Hierarchical File System.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin c\u1ee7a Microsoft th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 Linux, OS X\u2026 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 s\u1eb5n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec9a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Mirosoft, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Microsoft th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a OS X v\u00e0 Linux th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e0i th\u00eam c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Ext2Fsd hay DiskInternals Linux Reader\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong khi ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin l\u00e0 g\u00ec? File system hay h\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0323p tin co\u0301 ch\u01b0\u0301c n\u0103ng t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c va\u0300 ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t ca\u0301c t\u00e2\u0323p tin va\u0300 si\u00eau d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0\u0301ng, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean \u00f4\u0309 \u0111i\u0303a nh\u0103\u0300m cho phe\u0301p truy c\u00e2\u0323p nhanh cho\u0301ng va\u0300 an toa\u0300n. H\u00ea\u0323 th\u00f4\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0323p tin s\u0103\u0301p x\u00ea\u0301p d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean \u0111i\u0303a c\u01b0\u0301ng cu\u0309a ma\u0301y ti\u0301nh, ki\u00ea\u0309m soa\u0301t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":174,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cac-khai-niem","category-kien-thuc"],"yoast_head":"\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng - EngISV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.engisv.info\/?p=179\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng - EngISV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Trong khi ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. 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